Genome #10 Environment

Matt Ridley explains that we humans would contribute any form of an illness or whatnot to the environment. However, that is not totally true. The environment is believed to give people the common colds or a fever. That is true in terms of being a carrier for these illnesses. That is not true when we look at each and everyone's genes. Everyone is different and thus it accounts for different immunity. One person can have a weak immunity and another person can have a stronger immunity. Having a weak or strong immunity will determine who is more susceptible to the common cold. A weak immunity will not have as much defense against illnesses and thus causing you to get sick more. A strong immunity will have more defense against it because it has been exposed to the illness before thus, making the person not as susceptible as others.

Genome # 9 Free Will

In this chapter Matt Ridley explains the concept of free will. It is where humans cannot control what we inherit only our genes control that. If an abuser has children their offsprings will most likely be abusive and harsh to their children as well. That is because it is believed that their characteristics are passed down. However, according to psychology it is because their children experience and learn from it cognitively. Kids learn how to speak how to walk how to act from whoever they are surrounded by. And most likely it will be their parents. If an adult does not display proper characteristics, the kid will mimic the behavior automatically. Thats why imprinting is very important. We never control what we can receive in terms of traits, we acquire it from what we see and experience.

Genome # 8 Immortality

In this chapter it explains why humans age. Everytime a chromosome is replicated, the ends are cut off. This will eventually shorten the chromosomes as well as the lifespan. We age because of this. The concept of temerase  is introduced in this chapter. Due to this gene, if it is injected into the body it will cause more hormones to be produced. If it is done, so that the chromosomes will be replicated more and it would be like being a new born once again. This will revert the aging process and make life last longer or as some would believe give immortality. Though this is not always true, some people believe it will give immortality to human existence.

Genome #7 Conflict

In this chapter, Matt Ridley believes that the y chromosome that is given to only males are becoming extinct as we speak. It states that in the future, men will cease to exist. If the y chromosome ceases to exist that means that human beings as we know it will also become extinct. This is because females need males to reproduce and if there are only females on this planet, there will be no other way of reproducing. Thus, causing human extinction. Matt ridley believes that the y chromosome is responsible for masculinity and the x chromosome is responsible for feminine qualities such as breast milk and estrogen. The y chromosome is responsible for testosterone. The chances for a female to be produced is higher than for a male to be produced that is because there are 3 Xs and only 1 Y. All human offsprings start off as females but they will later turn into a male or stay a female as their genetics say.

Nephron BOW

Nephrons are the basic structure of kidneys. The bowman's capsule is a cup shape that has a double membrane surrounding the glomerulus. It's function is to filer our bodily fluids. Such as wastes, sodium, and water. To do so, blood is taken into the bowman's capsule and is passed to the glomerulus and out through the efferent arteriole. The waste is passed out into the promixal convoluted tubule. The glomerulus is the main filter. It is a mass of tubes and is semipremeable. Allowing fluids to pass through such as blood. It is then returned to the medullary plexus and into the intraloblular vein. Hydroastatic skeletons are surrounded by muscles, they are found in cold blooded organisms and also animals that have fluid filled cavity known as the coelom.

http://www.ivy-rose.co.uk/HumanBody/Urinary/Urinary_System_Nephron_Diagram.php

Invertebrate Comparison BOW

Squid
Physical features:
- mouth is enclosed by 5 tentacles.
-has the biggest eye in animal kingdom; 11+ inches in diameter.
- has a cone like shape to its body
-mollusks

Systems:
-circulatory system is closed and has 3 hearts
-digests through mouth and excretes feces into the stomach.
-utilizes tentacles to eat
-excretes feces from the anus, and monomers are absorbed by the tissue

Crab

physical features:

-has swimmerets that are soft and flexible

-hard shell cover, with patterns on it

-has 4-6 front teeth next to its 2 black beady eyes

-callinectes 

-changes color in very high temperature

-2 giant very powerful claws in front

-2 swimmerets

-6 sharp legs in between

Systems: 

-has gills on the lateral bronchial chambers

-excretory system is located within the hard shell on its back, it is green/grey

and tastes really bitter

--males are slender and not as big

-females are round and big

-female's abdomen differs in size as they grow, a mature one is round 

Crayfish: 

physical features: 

-2 long antennas that feel around

-eyes are sensitive to light

-usually very gritty b.c of their living environment

-small, the length of a finger

-2 eyes are located at the base of its antennas

-do not have cones but can see images 

-tail is segmented and is a dark red hue

Systems: 

-excretory, respiratory, digestive, circulatory and reproductive systems 

are located below the carapace.

-The foregut has a set of teeth that can grind food

-excretes waste in the branchial chambers 

the cephalothrax are in the respiratory system. 

Intelligence BOW

Everyone has intelligence, it differs from each individual to the next. Everyone wishes to be more intelligent to the other person but sometimes it doesn't work that way. It is an innate quality and we are all intelligent in one field of specialty whereas, the next individual is not. Thus, there are various forms of intelligence. This helps us think and it shapes our life. Some believe it is from culture and some believes that you are naturally intelligent. Or you are just a person who works really hard. I too wish to be as intelligent as my fellow classmates, in sports and in school. But that doesn't work. We don't always get what we wish for. We can do things that can make us a little better at particular section, but we can't be as smart as we would like to. I realized that learning and studying with peers help me. I learn better when a peer explains to me the content rather than learning from lecture or whatin class. Everyone is different and I realized that working in groups help me a lot, though not with projects, just with review and studying.